Introduction The essence of magnetism in all materials originates from the atomic level, where atoms, composed of nuclei and electrons, exhibit magnetic moments. These moments are a result of the electrons’ orbital motion around the nucleus, which creates an orbital magnetic moment, and the intrinsic spin of the electrons, which produces a spin magnetic moment. It is the magnetic moments of electrons that are the primary source of magnetism in materials. One critical aspect of magnetic materials is their behavior

Introduction Since the introduction of wireless charging in the iPhone 8 in 2017, Apple has incorporated this feature across all its iPhone models. Traditional wireless charging relies on the alignment of transmitting and receiving coils, which often results in suboptimal charging efficiency if the placement is not precise. This can lead to decreased charging efficiency, slower charging, and excessive heat generation, hindering the development and user experience of wireless charging technology. To address these issues, Apple introduced the innovative MagSafe

Introduction Neodymium-Iron-Boron (NdFeB) magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnets available today, made from an alloy that includes neodymium, iron, and boron. Their superior magnetic properties arise from the precise chemical composition and microstructural characteristics of the Nd2Fe14B compound. The performance of NdFeB magnets, including their magnetic strength, thermal resistance, and durability, is highly dependent on their chemical composition. Even slight variations in the elemental makeup can significantly impact their performance in various applications, ranging from consumer electronics to

Introduction In the engineering and design of rotating machinery, such as electric motors, one critical challenge that must be addressed is the phenomenon of eddy current losses, particularly in materials used for magnetic components. Samarium-cobalt (SmCo) and neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets, being metallic and possessing excellent conductivity due to their low resistivity, inherently face this issue. Eddy current losses not only lead to inefficient operation by generating unnecessary heat within the rotating machinery, including the magnets themselves, but also can degrade

Introduction Sintered neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets, renowned for their exceptional magnetic properties, are primarily composed of neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe), and boron (B). However, the manufacturing process often incorporates several additional elements, each playing a unique role in enhancing the magnet’s performance. The formulation of these materials is a closely guarded secret among manufacturers, tailored to meet specific application requirements of their customers. Just as various seasonings contribute to the flavor profile of a gourmet dish, the diverse elements within NdFeB

Introduction The question of whether magnets of identical performance and volume have the same pulling force is a common one. Online sources claim that neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets can lift 640 times their weight, but is this reliable information? This query leads us to explore what factors influence a magnet’s pulling force. It’s crucial to recognize that magnets only attract ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and their alloys, and have no effect on non-ferromagnetic materials. Online formulas for calculating

Introduction Magnetism, a fundamental force of nature, originates from the atomic level, particularly from the magnetic moments of electrons within atoms. This article delves into the concept of magnetic moment, its relationship with magnetic flux, and its significance in the realm of magnetism. The Origin of Magnetism: Electron Magnetic Moments Magnetism in materials stems from the atomic structure. Atoms, composed of nuclei and electrons, exhibit magnetic properties due to the motion and spin of these electrons. Electrons possess orbital magnetic

Introduction Magnetic fields, though invisible and intangible, play a vital role in numerous technological applications. Understanding their shape and direction can be challenging. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) serves as a powerful tool to demystify these enigmatic fields, providing a window into their behavior and interactions. FEA Simulation: A Computational Approach FEA, also known as FEA simulation, uses computer algorithms to simulate real physical systems through complex mathematical equations and models. By breaking down a system into simpler, interacting elements, FEA

The stability of a permanent magnet’s performance is an essential indicator of its quality. This stability refers to the changes in a magnet’s magnetic properties over time due to various internal and external factors, typically represented by the rate of change in its performance indicators. Common causes of changes in magnetic performance include temperature, time, electromagnetic fields, radiation, and mechanical vibration or impact. We’ve previously     discussed the temperature stability of permanent magnets in the article — Temperature Stability in Permanent

Exploring the Stability of Permanent Magnets Permanent magnets play a pivotal role as sources of a consistent magnetic field within specific confines. Their stability is of utmost importance for precision instruments and magnetic devices, as it directly correlates with the accuracy and reliability of these tools. However, various external factors, such as temperature fluctuations, time, electromagnetic fields, mechanical disturbances, radiation, and chemical reactions, can influence the performance of these magnets. Key Changes in Magnetic Performance Magnetic Domain Structure Alterations: Commonly